From the information provided I can see that on the live environment the user information returned includes claims that are not standard (not defined as part of OpenID Connect) so it’s very likely that the source of the difference is that the live tenant has access to deprecated functionality that since it was deprecated is no longer available by default in newer tenants.
If you haven’t done so already you should open a support ticket and report this situation; the reason I suggest the support ticket is that it’s easier to share information that may be more sensitive like tenant names and other configuration.