ID Token and Access Token: What Is the Difference?

I get this

there is no mechanism that ties the ID token to the client-API channel

But is there any such mechanism in the Access Token that allows me to use it to when sending requests from my frontend (React Web App) to my backend? Or should Access Tokens only be used between backends? If so, how will my backend ever know that I successfully sign in with (e.g.) Auth0/Google/Github or other IdP?